中国中老年人估算脉搏波传导速度长期演变轨迹与牙齿缺失风险的纵向队列研究
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70693/cjst.v2i6.2177Keywords:
估算脉搏波传导速度;动脉僵硬度;牙齿缺失;潜类别增长模型;纵向队列;CHARLSAbstract
随着人口老龄化进程加快,牙齿缺失已成为影响中老年人咀嚼功能与全身健康的常见口腔问题,而探讨累积性血管老化在其中的作用成为识别口腔健康全身性危险因素的重要切入点。本文以中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS)2011—2018年多波次随访中10,245名45岁及以上、基线无牙齿缺失且具备多波次血压资料的中老年人为对象,运用潜类别增长分析(latent class growth analysis, LCGA)、多因素Logistic回归及限制性立方样条模型,对估算脉搏波传导速度(estimated pulse wave velocity, ePWV)的长期演变轨迹及其与随访期新发牙齿缺失风险的关联进行了研究。结果表明:LCGA共识别出Low-Stable组(低水平稳定组,34.5%)、Moderate-Increase组(中水平缓增组,46.2%)和High-Increase组(高水平增高组,19.3%)三类轨迹;在控制人口学特征、生活方式、BMI及心血管代谢共病后,Moderate-Increase组(OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.14~1.53, P < 0.001)和High-Increase组(OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.49~2.12, P < 0.001)的新发牙齿缺失风险均显著高于Low-Stable组,且连续性ePWV水平与牙齿缺失风险呈正向剂量-反应关系(P-overall < 0.001)。综上,本研究证实中老年人ePWV长期维持较高水平或随时间升高与后续牙齿缺失风险增加密切相关,提示血管老化的长期累积负荷可能是中老年人口腔健康风险评估中值得关注的全身性因素。
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