单位小群体识别与风险防控：理论框架与实践路径

马杰

doi:10.70693/rwsk.v1i8.1286

Authors

马杰奥瑞威士顿科技大学

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70693/rwsk.v1i8.1286

Keywords:

小群体, 组织行为, 非正式组织, 风险防控, 社会认同

Abstract

本文围绕单位内部“小群体”展开研究，界定其为正式组织结构之外，由若干成员基于利益、情感、背景或权力依附等因素自发形成、具有相对稳定人际关系的非正式集合。本文基于社会认同理论、社会交换理论、资源依赖理论、组织政治行为理论、冲突管理理论及职业锚理论，系统分析了小群体的形成动因、类型及潜在风险，包括利益诉求型、权力依附型、拉帮结派型、规避边缘化型、事业诉求型、制衡型及不同见地型。研究发现，小群体虽能在短期内满足成员需求，但长期可能引发战略偏离、管理秩序冲击、恶性循环、短视妥协及谣言挑唆等风险。本文进一步提出系统化防控策略，包括保持创新增长、明确使命初心、统一思想认识、强化服务意识、培育全局视野、透明管理机制、畅通发展通道及建立熔断机制，以保障组织健康发展与战略目标实现。本文对理解组织内部非正式关系、优化管理机制及提升战略执行力具有重要理论与实践价值。

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